CentOs7.3 安装 MySQL 5.7.19 二进制版本
采用二进制方式免编译安装MySQL,适合各类MySQL产品系列,不需要复杂的编译设置和编译时间等待,直接解压下载的软件包,初始化即可完成MySQL的安装和启动.
1.准备工作
依赖环境
关闭防火墙
$ systemctl stop firewalld.service
MySQL依赖于libaio 库
$ yum search libaio$ yum install libaio
下载，解压，重命名
通常解压在 /usr/local/mysql
把mysql-5.7.19-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 文件夹，重命名成mysql,这样就凑成/usr/local/mysql目录了
$ cd /opt/$ wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.19-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz$ tar -zxvf /opt/mysql-5.7.19-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/$ mv /usr/local/mysql-5.7.19-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/ /usr/local/mysql
解压目录内容
bin mysqld服务器，客户端和实用程序
data 日志文件，数据库 docs MySQL手册信息格式 man Unix手册页 include 包含（标题）文件 lib 库 share 其他支持文件，包括错误消息，示例配置文件，用于数据库安装的SQL 2.安装MySQL
1. 新建用户组和用户
$ cd /usr/local/mysql/ $ groupadd mysql$ useradd mysql -g mysql
2. 创建目录并授权
$ mkdir data mysql-files$ chmod 750 mysql-files$ chown -R mysql .$ chgrp -R mysql .
3. 初始化MySQL
$ bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql # MySQL 5.7.6 and up
注意密码
4. mysql 临时密码
[注意]root@localhost生成临时密码：;b;s;)/rn6A3,也就是root@localhost:后的字符串
2017-08-26T03:23:35.368366Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).2017-08-26T03:23:35.748679Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=457902017-08-26T03:23:35.793190Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.2017-08-26T03:23:35.848286Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: f210c54b-8a0d-11e7-abbd-000c29129bb0.2017-08-26T03:23:35.848889Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.2017-08-26T03:23:35.849421Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: ;b;s;)/rn6A3
5. 生成RSA私钥，可以跳过此步骤
mysql_ssl_rsa_setup需要openssl支持，用于启用数据量ssl连接，需要进一步配置。
$ bin/mysql_ssl_rsa_setup
6. 授予读写权限
$ chown -R root .$ chown -R mysql data mysql-files
7. 添加到MySQL 启动脚本到系统服务
$ cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql.server
3.启动MySQL服务
启动脚本有两个分别是：
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe
/usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server（即/etc/init.d/mysqld） 当启动mysqld时，mysqld_safe同时启动
mysqld_safe监控mysqld服务,记录错误日志，并在mysqld因故障停止时将其重启
启动方式一
$ bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &
启动方式二
$ service mysql.server start
或者
/usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server start
如若出现报错
Starting MySQL.2017-08-26T07:31:24.312411Z mysqld_safe error: log-error set to '/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log', however file don't exists. Create writable for user 'mysql'. ERROR! The server quit without updating PID file (/var/lib/mysql/node1.pid).
给日志目录授予读写权限
$ mkdir /var/log/mariadb$ touch /var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log$ chown -R mysql:mysql /var/log/mariadb
4.登录MySQL
$ /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -pEnter password:
如果不知道密码
密码在，安装MySQL步骤 4 ，有提到，怎么找初始化临时密码如若出现报错
Enter password: ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/tmp/mysql.sock' (2)
故障分析
查看mysql实例的状态
$ netstat -ntlp | grep 3306tcp6 0 0 :::3306 :::* LISTEN 10794/mysqld
查看my.cnf关于socket的配置
$ more /etc/my.cnf |grep socksocket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
解决方法,修改/etc/my.cnf
$ vi /etc/my.cnf
修改 [mysqld]组下的 socket 路径，我是选择注释掉，加一行为tmp/mysql.soc
[mysqld]datadir=/var/lib/mysql#socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.socksocket=/tmp/mysql.sock
重启MySQL 服务
$ service mysql.server startShutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS!
再次登录
$ /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -p
如果不知道密码
密码在，安装MySQL步骤 4 ，有提到，怎么找初始化临时密码设置MySQL密码
登陆成功后，设置MySQL密码
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'mima';
或者
mysql> set password=password("mima"); 刷新权限
mysql> flush privileges;mysql> exit;
查看mysql.user表中存在哪些帐户 以及它们的密码是否为空：
MySQL 5.7.6起，使用这个语句：
mysql> SELECT User, Host, HEX(authentication_string) FROM mysql.user;+---------------+-----------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+| User | Host | HEX(authentication_string) |+---------------+-----------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+| root | localhost | 2A39383730334637413534333934344644333831383037373636394637344436303631364442324338 || mysql.session | localhost | 2A5448495349534E4F544156414C494450415353574F52445448415443414E42455553454448455245 || mysql.sys | localhost | 2A5448495349534E4F544156414C494450415353574F52445448415443414E42455553454448455245 |+---------------+-----------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
开启远程登录
关闭防火墙
$ systemctl stop firewalld.service
以权限用户root登录
$ /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -p
mysql> use mysql;mysql> update user set host = '%' where user ='root';mysql> flush privileges;
第1行：选择mysql库
第2行：修改host值（以通配符%的内容增加主机/IP地址），当然也可以直接增加IP地址 第3行：刷新MySQL的系统权限相关表或者
mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by 'mima' with grant option;mysql> flush privileges;
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